Produktbeschreibung
Product information "This Glutamine 100% 4U – 100% pure glutamine for a strong immune system and many benefits for strength athletes
Glutamine supplementation isn't just beneficial for sports. It also appears to have a wide range of applications when it comes to the immune system and even injuries. Because this is a much-discussed topic with widely varying opinions, we'd like to provide you with the most important information about this amino acid. This will also greatly simplify your purchasing decision.
What is glutamine?
Glutamine – often also known as L-glutamine or in other forms – is a semi-essential amino acid and a building block of proteins. The body can produce it itself: this is the case in the lungs, brain, and skeletal muscles. However, under certain conditions, deficiencies can occur [1]. When needed, glutamine is synthesized from glutamic acid. This process consumes ATP via the corresponding enzyme. Glutamic acid is able to accept an ammonium ion as a byproduct. Glutamine is involved in many metabolic processes and therefore performs various functions in the body. In certain situations, glutamine can become an essential amino acid [2]. In cases of serious illness, stress, and sepsis, the need for glutamine appears to increase significantly, to the point that the body's own production is no longer sufficient. It is not without reason that glutamine is described as a vital metabolic product [3], required during many different processes.
The effects of glutamine
Glutamine is important for maintaining and promoting cell function [4]. Among other things, it serves as fuel for rapidly proliferating cells and lymphocytes, which in turn recognize and eliminate pathogens. Thus, the substance appears to have a positive effect on the immune system. Studies comparing obese and non-obese individuals have shown that glutamine is present in lower amounts in overweight people [5]. This inhibits glycolysis, the breakdown of monosaccharides—the central process of carbohydrate metabolism is therefore disrupted. Naturally, as an anabolic precursor, glutamine also plays an important role in muscle protein synthesis, as well as in acid-base balance. It is even thought to be important for neurotransmitter synthesis [6]. Furthermore, glutamine is important for the gut: a deficiency can damage the intestinal barrier [7].
Effect on the immune system
Glutamine appears to be involved in the production of glutathione [8]. This is the body's most powerful antioxidant, which serves to protect against free radicals—for example, environmental toxins. Glutathione is important, among other things, for protecting and maintaining liver function in cases of hepatitis—that is, liver inflammation. For this reason, it is suspected that glutamine can counteract inflammation. How else does glutamine benefit the immune system? Glutamine is broken down by the body into succinate in three steps. This so-called succinic acid appears to trigger the immune response: Succinate can support the release of interleukin-1 beta and thus help regulate the immune response [9]. This is how pathogens are destroyed, for example. Glutamine is also thought to play a role in respiratory infections: Supplying immune cells is one of glutamine's functions. A deficiency can damage the mucous protective layer in the airways—making it easier for pathogens to infect the body.
Glutamine in case of injuries
Scientists are investigating, among other things, the functions and mechanisms of action of glutamine in the context of injuries. Burn injuries are among those that cause the most metabolic stress—that is, they place a significant strain on the metabolism. A burn injury triggers an inflammatory response and can also negatively impact nutrient deficiencies. This, in turn, leads to a weaker immune response and impaired wound healing [10]. Glutamine appears to help improve the immune response and reduce the number of Gram-negative bacteria. This could presumably be due to improved intestinal barrier function. In medicine, it is also recognized that glutamine donates nitrogen to damaged tissues. This is particularly true for tissue damaged by chemotherapy [11]. The substance is thought to reduce mucosal damage, among other benefits.
Glutamine in strength training
In strength training, glutamine can help stimulate muscle protein synthesis. This may occur because glutamine binds fluid in muscle cells, thus increasing their volume [12]. The stretching of the muscle cell represents an anabolic signal, even if it is not quite as strong as often advertised. Recovery after strength training can also be positively influenced by glutamine. Studies have shown that blocking glutamine synthetase has negative consequences for satellite cells and also impairs muscle regeneration. Conversely, it can be assumed that sufficient glutamine promotes the availability of satellite cells, which in turn are responsible for the regeneration and growth of our muscle cells [13]. Also of interest to athletes: Glutamine, together with carbohydrates, can improve performance in endurance sports and delay fatigue [14]. For this purpose, subjects ingested 3.5g of glutamine together with 50g of maltodextrin approximately 30 minutes before treadmill training. In contrast to the control group, the participants taking glutamine were able to complete a longer distance. Depending on the specific sport you're aiming for, glutamine can therefore offer particularly beneficial advantages. The positive effects on recovery and the delay in fatigue during training alone can make it worthwhile to consider taking appropriate supplements.
Glutamine for gut health
Glutamine is the most abundant free amino acid in the human body and is used in particularly large quantities by intestinal cells. In the gut, glutamine can exert several effects that contribute to intestinal health. For example, glutamine is thought to protect cells from cell death [15] and also inhibit inflammatory signals. Glutamine also contributes to the detoxification of ammonia. Immune cells, intestinal cells, and kidney cells increasingly utilize glutamine during periods of high stress, such as trauma or sepsis, leading to its reduction in muscle cells and blood plasma. The gut alone is estimated to use about 30 percent of the available glutamine [15], where it helps maintain the intestinal barrier. A deficiency could therefore cause damage that promotes conditions such as leaky gut syndrome. For this reason, physicians are considering suggesting glutamine supplementation, particularly in cases of inflammatory bowel diseases. A healthy gut has a positive influence on the immune system – conversely, gut problems can negatively affect immune responses. Accordingly, glutamine can also strengthen overall well-being by supporting gut health. Among other things, glutamine helps maintain the cell cycle in the intestinal lumen – thus ensuring the health of the intestinal lining. There is therefore ample evidence to suggest that a glutamine deficiency should be avoided to support gut health!
Applications and benefits of 100% pure glutamine powder
The application is particularly simple and should always be followed according to the manufacturer's instructions. This is the only way to ensure that no side effects occur. L-glutamine is available in most supplements – and is also consistently used in clinical studies. A distinction can be made between L-glutamine capsules and products in powder form. While a balanced diet generally covers the glutamine requirement sufficiently, it can be beneficial to supplement during periods of high stress (such as after an illness or surgery) to contribute to a normalized glutamine level. It can be used and taken for various purposes, including:
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To support gut health
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For faster healing of injuries
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To support the immune system
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To improve one's own endurance
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To delay fatigue during training
What about dosage? It's recommended to take the correct dose of L-glutamine once or twice a day. This helps prevent glutamine deficiency, even with a less-than-perfect diet, and avoids potential negative effects on the immune system, gut health, and muscle regeneration. The studies mentioned tested dosages ranging from 3.5g to 30g of glutamine daily – and reported no side effects. Even a dosage of 60g appears to have caused no adverse effects in studies. Those with a balanced diet typically consume five to ten grams of glutamine daily – this amount is therefore a good starting point for supplement dosages. Those who engage in intensive sports or experience high levels of stress and strain in their daily lives can increase this amount. After surgery, amounts exceeding 30g daily may be beneficial – however, these should be discussed with your doctor. For those specifically seeking glutamine for athletic performance, three to five grams can be taken 30 minutes before training. Otherwise, five to ten grams spread throughout the day (in several doses) are perfectly sufficient to cover basic needs. If the glutamine is to be used only after an intense training session, up to 20g can be taken – for optimal effect, however, this should be done in combination with carbohydrates.
Scientific sources on glutamine
[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22212454/
[2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2080048/
[3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12563517/
[4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12563517/
[5] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31866443/
[6] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12563517/
[7] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8974125/ [
8] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4688527/
[9] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23535595/
[10] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31270877/
[11] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32512833/
[12] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8642447/
[13] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33116312/
[14] https://www.scielo.br/j/clin/a/byKW7PHH3xmVgvLvKP3dw8Q/?lang=en